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✅ The Arbitration & Conciliation Act, 1996 -100 MCQs

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1. The Arbitration & Conciliation Act, 1996 is based on:
   A) Indian Penal Code
   B) UNCITRAL Model Law
   C) CPC
   D) Evidence Act
   Answer: B
2. Arbitration means:
   A) Court trial
   B) Private dispute resolution
   C) Criminal trial
   D) Mediation only
   Answer: B
3. Arbitration agreement is defined under:
   A) Sec 2
   B) Sec 7
   C) Sec 9
   D) Sec 11
   Answer: B
4. Arbitration agreement must be:
   A) Oral
   B) Written
   C) Implied
   D) Verbal
   Answer: B
5. Arbitration clause is part of:
   A) Award
   B) Contract
   C) Judgment
   D) Appeal
   Answer: B
6. Number of arbitrators is:
   A) Always one
   B) Always three
   C) As agreed by parties
   D) Fixed by court
   Answer: C
7. If parties fail to appoint arbitrator, appointment is made by:
   A) Police
   B) Court
   C) Government
   D) Auditor
   Answer: B
8. Arbitration proceedings commence under:
   A) Sec 20
   B) Sec 21
   C) Sec 22
   D) Sec 23
   Answer: B
9. Seat of arbitration determines:
   A) Language
   B) Jurisdiction
   C) Arbitrator
   D) Cost
   Answer: B
10. Arbitration agreement survives:
    A) Contract termination
    B) Contract execution
    C) Payment
    D) Delivery
    Answer: A
11. Arbitrator must be:
    A) Biased
    B) Independent
    C) Government official
    D) Lawyer only
    Answer: B
12. Independence of arbitrator ensures:
    A) Bias
    B) Fairness
    C) Delay
    D) Secrecy
    Answer: B
13. Challenge to arbitrator is under:
    A) Sec 12
    B) Sec 13
    C) Sec 14
    D) Sec 15
    Answer: B
14. Grounds of challenge include:
    A) Bias
    B) Delay
    C) Cost
    D) Payment
    Answer: A
15. Arbitrator can be removed if:
    A) Delay
    B) Incapacity
    C) Payment issue
    D) Delivery
    Answer: B
16. Substitute arbitrator is appointed under:
    A) Sec 15
    B) Sec 16
    C) Sec 17
    D) Sec 18
    Answer: A
17. Arbitral tribunal includes:
    A) Judge
    B) Arbitrator(s)
    C) Police
    D) Auditor
    Answer: B
18. Competence of tribunal is under:
    A) Sec 16
    B) Sec 17
    C) Sec 18
    D) Sec 19
    Answer: A
19. Tribunal can rule on:
    A) Jurisdiction
    B) Cost
    C) Payment
    D) Delivery
    Answer: A
20. Arbitration is:
    A) Public
    B) Private
    C) Criminal
    D) Administrative
    Answer: B
21. Party autonomy means:
    A) Court control
    B) Freedom of parties
    C) Government control
    D) Auditor control
    Answer: B
22. Arbitration agreement may be:
    A) Separate
    B) Clause
    C) Both
    D) None
    Answer: C
23. Written agreement includes:
    A) Emails
    B) Letters
    C) Electronic records
    D) All
    Answer: D
24. Arbitration avoids:
    A) Delay
    B) Litigation
    C) Cost
    D) All
    Answer: B
25. Arbitration is binding:
    A) No
    B) Yes
    C) Optional
    D) Partial
    Answer: B

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26. Procedure is governed by:
    A) Court
    B) Parties
    C) Police
    D) Auditor
    Answer: B
27. Tribunal is not bound by:
    A) CPC
    B) Evidence Act
    C) Both
    D) None
    Answer: C
28. Equal treatment of parties is under:
    A) Sec 18
    B) Sec 19
    C) Sec 20
    D) Sec 21
    Answer: A
29. Place of arbitration is under:
    A) Sec 20
    B) Sec 21
    C) Sec 22
    D) Sec 23
    Answer: A
30. Language of arbitration is under:
    A) Sec 21
    B) Sec 22
    C) Sec 23
    D) Sec 24
    Answer: B
31. Statement of claim is under:
    A) Sec 23
    B) Sec 24
    C) Sec 25
    D) Sec 26
    Answer: A
32. Hearing is under:
    A) Sec 24
    B) Sec 25
    C) Sec 26
    D) Sec 27
    Answer: A
33. Default of party is under:
    A) Sec 25
    B) Sec 24
    C) Sec 23
    D) Sec 22
    Answer: A
34. Expert appointment is under:
    A) Sec 26
    B) Sec 27
    C) Sec 28
    D) Sec 29
    Answer: A
35. Court assistance in evidence is under:
    A) Sec 27
    B) Sec 26
    C) Sec 25
    D) Sec 24
    Answer: A
36. Rules of law applicable are under:
    A) Sec 28
    B) Sec 29
    C) Sec 30
    D) Sec 31
    Answer: A
37. Decision by majority is under:
    A) Sec 29
    B) Sec 30
    C) Sec 31
    D) Sec 32
    Answer: A
38. Settlement during arbitration is under:
    A) Sec 30
    B) Sec 29
    C) Sec 28
    D) Sec 27
    Answer: A
39. Form of award is under:
    A) Sec 31
    B) Sec 32
    C) Sec 33
    D) Sec 34
    Answer: A
40. Termination of proceedings is under:
    A) Sec 32
    B) Sec 31
    C) Sec 30
    D) Sec 29
    Answer: A
41. Correction of award is under:
    A) Sec 33
    B) Sec 34
    C) Sec 35
    D) Sec 36
    Answer: A
42. Finality of award is under:
    A) Sec 35
    B) Sec 36
    C) Sec 34
    D) Sec 33
    Answer: A
43. Enforcement of award is under:
    A) Sec 36
    B) Sec 35
    C) Sec 34
    D) Sec 33
    Answer: A
44. Interim measures by tribunal are under:
    A) Sec 17
    B) Sec 16
    C) Sec 15
    D) Sec 14
    Answer: A
45. Interim measures by court are under:
    A) Sec 9
    B) Sec 8
    C) Sec 7
    D) Sec 6
    Answer: A
46. Fast-track arbitration is under:
    A) Sec 29B
    B) Sec 29A
    C) Sec 30
    D) Sec 31
    Answer: A
47. Time limit for award is under:
    A) Sec 29A
    B) Sec 29B
    C) Sec 30
    D) Sec 31
    Answer: A
48. Costs are under:
    A) Sec 31A
    B) Sec 31
    C) Sec 30
    D) Sec 29
    Answer: A
49. Confidentiality is under:
    A) Sec 42A
    B) Sec 41
    C) Sec 40
    D) Sec 39
    Answer: A
50. Immunity of arbitrator is under:
    A) Sec 42B
    B) Sec 42A
    C) Sec 41
    D) Sec 40
    Answer: A

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51. Arbitral award is:
    A) Judgment
    B) Decision of tribunal
    C) Order
    D) Decree
    Answer: B
52. Award must be:
    A) Oral
    B) Written
    C) Verbal
    D) Informal
    Answer: B
53. Award must state:
    A) Reasons
    B) Cost
    C) Arbitrator
    D) None
    Answer: A
54. Date and place must be in:
    A) Agreement
    B) Award
    C) Appeal
    D) Petition
    Answer: B
55. Award is final and binding under:
    A) Sec 35
    B) Sec 36
    C) Sec 34
    D) Sec 33
    Answer: A
56. Challenge to award is under:
    A) Sec 34
    B) Sec 35
    C) Sec 36
    D) Sec 33
    Answer: A
57. Grounds for setting aside include:
    A) Fraud
    B) Bias
    C) Public policy
    D) All
    Answer: D
58. Limitation for challenge is:
    A) 1 month
    B) 3 months
    C) 6 months
    D) 1 year
    Answer: B
59. Court cannot:
    A) Set aside
    B) Modify award
    C) Enforce
    D) Stay
    Answer: B
60. Enforcement of award is like:
    A) Contract
    B) Decree
    C) Order
    D) Judgment
    Answer: B
61. Foreign award is under:
    A) Part II
    B) Part I
    C) Part III
    D) Part IV
    Answer: A
62. New York Convention is for:
    A) Domestic award
    B) Foreign award
    C) Contract
    D) Arbitration
    Answer: B
63. Public policy includes:
    A) Fraud
    B) Corruption
    C) Justice
    D) All
    Answer: D
64. Patent illegality applies to:
    A) Domestic award
    B) Foreign award
    C) Both
    D) None
    Answer: A
65. Award can be corrected within:
    A) 30 days
    B) 60 days
    C) 90 days
    D) 120 days
    Answer: A
66. Interest on award is under:
    A) Sec 31
    B) Sec 30
    C) Sec 29
    D) Sec 28
    Answer: A
67. Costs follow:
    A) Loser
    B) Winner
    C) Court
    D) Arbitrator
    Answer: A
68. Tribunal can award:
    A) Interest
    B) Cost
    C) Both
    D) None
    Answer: C
69. Award becomes enforceable when:
    A) Passed
    B) Challenge period ends
    C) Filed
    D) Signed
    Answer: B
70. Stay of award requires:
    A) Filing
    B) Court order
    C) Payment
    D) Delivery
    Answer: B
71. Settlement award is under:
    A) Sec 30
    B) Sec 29
    C) Sec 28
    D) Sec 27
    Answer: A
72. Award must be signed by:
    A) All arbitrators
    B) Majority
    C) One
    D) Court
    Answer: B
73. Dissenting opinion is:
    A) Mandatory
    B) Optional
    C) Illegal
    D) Binding
    Answer: B
74. Award must be delivered to:
    A) Court
    B) Parties
    C) Government
    D) Auditor
    Answer: B
75. Partial award is:
    A) Invalid
    B) Valid
    C) Illegal
    D) Void
    Answer: B

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76. Conciliation is under:
    A) Part III
    B) Part II
    C) Part I
    D) Part IV
    Answer: A
77. Conciliation is:
    A) Binding
    B) Non-binding
    C) Court process
    D) Arbitration
    Answer: B
78. Conciliator acts as:
    A) Judge
    B) Facilitator
    C) Arbitrator
    D) Lawyer
    Answer: B
79. Settlement agreement has status of:
    A) Contract
    B) Award
    C) Decree
    D) Order
    Answer: B
80. Conciliation starts with:
    A) Agreement
    B) Invitation
    C) Award
    D) Petition
    Answer: B
81. Conciliator is appointed by:
    A) Court
    B) Parties
    C) Government
    D) Auditor
    Answer: B
82. Confidentiality in conciliation is:
    A) Mandatory
    B) Optional
    C) Illegal
    D) Partial
    Answer: A
83. Conciliator cannot:
    A) Suggest
    B) Decide dispute
    C) Facilitate
    D) Negotiate
    Answer: B
84. Termination of conciliation occurs when:
    A) Settlement
    B) Withdrawal
    C) Declaration
    D) All
    Answer: D
85. Conciliation avoids:
    A) Cost
    B) Litigation
    C) Delay
    D) All
    Answer: D
86. Arbitration vs conciliation:
    A) Same
    B) Different
    C) Partial
    D) None
    Answer: B
87. Arbitration gives:
    A) Award
    B) Settlement
    C) Suggestion
    D) Advice
    Answer: A
88. Conciliation gives:
    A) Award
    B) Settlement
    C) Judgment
    D) Decree
    Answer: B
89. Institutional arbitration is:
    A) Ad hoc
    B) Organized
    C) Informal
    D) Illegal
    Answer: B
90. Ad hoc arbitration is:
    A) Institutional
    B) Party-managed
    C) Court
    D) Government
    Answer: B
91. Arbitration cost includes:
    A) Fees
    B) Expenses
    C) Both
    D) None
    Answer: C
92. Fast-track arbitration is:
    A) Slow
    B) Expedited
    C) Court
    D) Informal
    Answer: B
93. Interim relief protects:
    A) Rights
    B) Cost
    C) Delay
    D) Audit
    Answer: A
94. Seat vs venue:
    A) Same
    B) Different
    C) Partial
    D) None
    Answer: B
95. Lex arbitri means:
    A) Law of arbitration
    B) Contract law
    C) Criminal law
    D) Tax law
    Answer: A
96. Arbitration agreement is separable from:
    A) Award
    B) Contract
    C) Court
    D) Law
    Answer: B
97. Kompetenz-kompetenz means:
    A) Court power
    B) Tribunal decides jurisdiction
    C) Party power
    D) Government control
    Answer: B
98. Arbitration clause survives:
    A) Performance
    B) Termination
    C) Payment
    D) Delivery
    Answer: B
99. Court intervention is:
    A) Maximum
    B) Minimum
    C) Mandatory
    D) None
    Answer: B
100. Arbitration Act aims to:
     A) Increase litigation
     B) Promote ADR
     C) Delay
     D) Bias
     Answer: B